Having very fine sand dust on the plastic bioball surfaces would not prevent the bacteria on the bioballs from growing on the sand dust either - in my opinion.
Bacteria grow in the sandbed - they should grow on the sand dust too.
One reason I like to swish the bioballs occassionally in some old tankwater is to remove detritus and any other trapped wastes may accumulate. Just as it's a good idea to blow detritus off of live rock - I've always thought it was wise to blow off detritus from the balls.
I run a reef tank with live rock and living sandbed, refugium, no skimmer and things are doing great.
I run another tank with bioballs in a wet/dry with DSB and skimmer, and limited amount of live rock and things are doing great in that tank too.
Go figure .. huh
It may take quite some time for a tank's water to clear after adding a new deep sandbed. Lot's of very fine particles to settle, become populated with bacteria and look crystal clear again. Amount of circulation and any mechanical filtration ( or lack of ) will affect the time it takes to clear too.
Clear water is great - but if a little cloudy from dust/sand - no big deal in my mind.
It will eventually clear up.