They are seperate tanks, under the main tank. An overflow box brings water down from the main tank into the sump, and a pump pumps the water back up to the main tank. There purpose is to have more room for equipment, and also to hide all of your equipment. So you main tank can saty as empty, and natural loking as possible! They are VERY useful. I have one, and will continue to use them as long as I have an aquarium. HTH!