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by Bang Guy The success rate in keeping Mandarin/Dragonettes fish with small tanks and new setups is dismal. Copepods, Amphipods, and smallish Isopods are only usually available for Mandarins in established tanks. Refugiums help a lot as far as growing critters to feed Dragonettes. There are no sure fire frozen foods for Dragonettes. Once in a while one can be trained to eat frozen foods but it's not all that common. Brine Shrimp are not an acceptable substitute. Dragonettes will eat them but they are nutritionally deficient. Frozen Mysis would be a great alternative if you can get one to eat it. I would recommend that you assume a Dragonette will not eat frozen food unless you witness it yourself. It typically takes 3 -... » read more

  Considerable confusion exists in the hobby relating to metal halide (MH) lighting.    This article serves to explain some of the fundamentals of halide systems and provide the hobbyist with useful information to be used in pre-purchase research.   This article is not intended to debate the use of halides versus other technologies, but rather to explain the fundamental differences and the pros/cons, allowing the hobbyists researching lightings systems to be armed with all the facts about halide systems.  What is Metal Halide?    Metal halide is a type of High Intensity Discharge (HID) lighting.  HID lighting systems pass an electric current through an ionized gas in order to produce light.  In the case of MH lighting, the... » read more

by Ret Talbot   Every marine aquarist knows that good water quality is a good thing in a saltwater aquarium, but what is good water quality? Good water quality is, generally speaking, water quality that is similar to or better than the environment from which the animals you keep originate. While there may be some variations based on what specific biotope you are recreating, there are about seven parameters which should be pretty consistent across all saltwater aquaria. They are: pH Temperature Specific Gravity Dissolved Oxygen Ammonium/Ammonia Nitrite Nitrate   Does Every Aquarist Need to Test for All Seven Parameters Every Day? Every marine aquarist should... » read more