I have both in the same tank, and have never seen damage, or even seen the shrimp near the dusters. I would suggest other shrimp though, peppermints are mostly nocturnal, and mine hide most of the day and wander when the lights are down, and do not show good color under moonlighting. Get a banded coral shrimp instead.
I have a peppermint who hangs out under some rock near a yellow featherduster. Have had both about 3 months and they seem fine together. Maybe it depends on the peppermint? We like ours but don't see him much. Started with 3 peppermints, one we could find most of the time, occasionally saw 2 at the same time and rarely all three. For a while, we've only seen one so I assume the other 2 are gone but last time we moved rock, all three came trooping out (at that point I had thought at least one was dead). Our corral banded is much more fun to watch but I worry that maybe he will get aggressive some day.
I think the answer here is a definite yes and no. I had a feather duster and peppermint shrimp live together for a while and the shrimp never touched the duster. I then moved the feather duster into another tank where I had three peppermint shrimp (hoping they'll find the aptasia) and less than 12 hours later the feather duster's crown is in pieces on the sand. Poor guy - he's been through so much with me and survived against horrible odds and gets killed by a shrimp.
By the way, does the shrimp just pull off the crown meaning the worm is still alive, or do they KILL the feather duster?
Sue
I had the two together twice, both times the second the shrimp noticed it, he made s snack out of the duster. Took all of about 20 seconds for it to yank it out and scarf it down. Really made me mad, so the shrimp went bye-bye. My coral banded has never really done anything. Whenever he gets a bit touchy with the fish, they just freak him out and he runs. He has big eyes for his stomach, but learns fast that he's pretty small...
Prior to adding 2 peppermint shrimp to my system, I had easily over 100 dusters. That number is slowly dwindling. These are the only additions in the last 2 months so I am positive it is them. I never see them come out to feed (and I feed quite often). They have not touched the one aiptasia that I got them to remove. Had I known the peps would decimate my dusters, I would've just put my CBB in instead.