Ok, I demanded someone test, but then I got my unit and set it up to today, so I had to put my money where my mouth was.
And guess what?
I was wrong! sign guy wins.
My incoming TDS: 120-139
My outcoming TDS: 0
My wastewater TDS....... 145 !
Ok, so not a huge amount more, but apparently, the prefilters do not remove enough TDS prior to the membrane to compensate. Of course, the wastewater numbers will vary depending on the unit efficiency and so forth, but the overall picture seems clear. sign guy was right.
This doesn't answer some of the smaller questions though, such as exactly WHAT is making up that TDS. The concentration of TDS is slightly higher than drinking water, but for all we know, that could be all of the chlorine and copper removed... but double the mercury.
I'm not up to spending a zillon dollars testing everything with kits... but I know who is! The city gives away free drinking water tests, so I'll use one on the waste water and when I get the results back, let everyone know. Obviously drinking water contaminants vary from place to place, but we can compare the wastewater results to my city's published tap water results... as well as getting some more insight on the question of whether the wastewater is safe to drink.