I will briefly describe a sump. 1. An overflow collects the water which flows downwards into a 2. tower of some sort, mine is filled with a prefilter, phosphate pads, a mesh bio-roll, and 1 gallon of bio-balls, or 74 balls. From there my water is sucked into a 3. Skimmer, and after it leaves the skimmer it is forced through 4. heavy-duty phosphate pads, and then is 5. pumped back up by a 750 gph Mag Drive pump. There are variations of sumps, but this is my personal one. I also have a canister filter, a Magnum 350 Pro, that runs 2 bio-wheels, and is filled with a little bit of activated carbon and about 15 oz of Nitrate Reductor by Kent Marine. I don't expect the canister to do any filtering, it's job is to reduce nitrates, which it does, as I've never detected any Nitrate in the length my tank's been set up. Back to the sump though. I soon plan on adding a refugium to my sump to increase my pod population, and as another check-valve on nitrates. If you have any more questions regarding a sump, or a refugium, feel free to ask questions, these forums are here to help. HTH