Since you mentioned power outages and the fact that your return line "goes dry" when the back-siphoning from the DT stops, I have to wonder if there is air in the pump, which gets shredded and sent to the DT upon power-up, and once the bubbles are in the water, they tend to keep running thru the pump and self-propagating to some degree thereafter.
I'd definitely look into the cavitation scenario as well, and since you used flex tubing, it would be an easy job to add a valve between the pump and the DT to tune the flow. Likewise, and altho I really don't recommend them in most cases, a check valve will keep the air out of your pump, which might be the issue, as mentioned.
If you do end up with a check valve, get one of the flapper-type or ball type that have no metal or springs. They also make them with clear bodies and access lids for inspection/cleaning...don't go cheap on this fitting if you use one.