you should have a 15x's turnover rate for your tank, so 15 x 150 = 2250. If your filter is about 600, that leaves you with another 1650gph you need. Most powerheads are 300gph, so with 5, your total is 2,100, which is just about right. This will help to keep your sand clean, and to aerate your tank properly.
A closed loop incorporates powerheads and PVC to create a current through your tank. A simple is basically a powerhead hooked up to some PVC with holes drilled in it, like the attached pic. As the water flows from the powerhead through the PVC (which is capped at the end, btw), it is forced out of the drilled holes, hence creating waterflow without having so many powerheads.
There are more complicated ones, but i'm not too familiar with those, you can check out the DIY forum.