Lots of good opinions on fans ~ whatever works for you is best.
Personally - I've got two Icecap variable speed 4" fans mounted in the top of canopy.
Both mounted blowing out and up.
As mentioned - heat in the canopy will rise.
My aim was to remove the hot/warm air ~ get it out away from the water surface, and allow cooler ambient room temperature air to be pulled in at the lower back of the hood.
My canopy measures 48"L x 19"W x 15"H
That's roughly about 13,680 cubic inches of air - give or take.
Approximately 8 cubic feet of air.
The Icecap fans each run at a speed that is determined by the air temperature at the sensor.
According to Icecap specifications ~ they each run anywhere from 50 to 90 cubic feet per minute with the guards in place.
I've not read where these airflows are "actual" ACFM or are listed at standard conditions "SCFM".
With just the 440watts of VHO powered up - they both run at lower speed.
When I have the 440watts VHO and the 500 watts of MH running - both fans are going full throttle.
If I assume the specs are right - the 90 CFM x 2 = 180 CFM.
Assuming once again ~ that would lead me to believe that the air is being exhausted at a rate of 20+/- times the total canopy volume per minute.
I've yet to take any measurements - because I don't feel the need.
The tankwater temperature has not risen over 82 degrees in the last 5 months.
Room temperature air is normally around 70-75 F.
I'm a big fan of having both fans mounted so that they both blow air out of the enclosure - up and away from the water.
It works for me ~ so I'm pleased with the set up.
My 2 cents