A lot/yes/yes/refractometer.
Heh.
A refractometer measures salinity (and sometimes specific gravity). A hydrometer measures only specific gravity. Hydrometers are generally not very accurate but they are consistant in their measurements. The temperature can affect measurements but most refractometers are temerature adjusting (ATC).
Refractometers are very very accurate and can be adjusted. Hydrometers cannot be calibrated. They are also subject to how you hold them if its swing-arm style (tilting will make your measurement off).
Refractometers can run you $50-$120 or so...
Hydrometers vary between -$10-$35
Hydrometers are good if theres nothing available, but ask anyone here... Refractometers are the way to go.