Inability to adapt to synthetic salt mixes has been postulated as a possible reason why seastars, in particular, have such poor survival rates within the first month of introduction to our systems.
Larval urchins have long been favored for toxicity and development studies in part because of their ease of culture and also because of their similarity - very very close similarity - to human development in its early stages.
In general the study of larval urchins may only be of limited relevance to adult urchins, but it is worth noting. However, I would imagine a lot of people have success keeping the urchins in varioius salt mixes. I would imagine that Instant Ocean is commonly used in scientific labs culturing urchins for such studies.
I would say there still might be some correlation with synthetic salt mixes in general being an issue, but these case I have NO doubt about whatsoever. The specific gravity in general is fatally low, and with no acclimation, there was little hope.